ω-3脂肪酸：推荐用量为孩子

ω-3脂肪酸是多不饱和脂肪酸通常被称为必需脂肪酸，因为他们所需要的大脑和身体机能的营养成分。身体不能制造自己的ω-3脂肪酸，所以ω-3脂肪都要吃。所述三种主要类型的ω-3个脂肪是alphalinolenic酸或ALA，二十碳五烯酸或EPA和二十二碳六酸或DHA。EPA和DHA是ω-3脂肪酸是大脑和身体实际使用。ALA必须由身体成EPA和DHA进行转换。

ω-3脂肪酸是大脑细胞，神经突触，视觉感受器，肾上腺和性腺丰富的，因此是一个孩子的正常生长发育是至关重要的。ω-3脂肪酸是保持孩子的大脑和身体的生化平衡，并为孩子提供一个强大的免疫系统的基石的关键。DHA被认为是最重要的ω-3对大脑不断增长，而EPA被认为是免疫系统的健康至关重要。ω-3脂肪酸还有助于减少炎症，减少慢性疾病，如心脏疾病，癌症和关节炎的风险可能起到一定的作用。

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration established daily values, or DVs, for total fat and saturated fat but has not yet established daily values for polyunsaturated fats like omega-3. The Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences established dietary reference intake or DRI for ALA for individuals based on age and sex. The ALA DRIs range from 500 mg for infants up to 1,600 mg per day for males aged 14 to 18. The U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Information Center website provides an interactive tool to determine DRIs for dietary planning. The tool determines the DRI for the nutrients listed, including ALA, based on the personal information provided. Dr. Sears, in "The NDD Book," recommends different dosages for different ages. For infants, the recommended dose is at least 300 mg per day. For children ages 2 to 3, at least 400 mg per day is recommended. For children over 4, the recommended dose is at least 600 mg per day. Three ounces of salmon twice a week for children under 4 and 6 ounces of salmon twice a week for children over 4 provides approximately the amount of omega-3 a child needs over a four- to six-day period. Some health care providers recommend a higher therapeutic dose of up to 1,000 mg a day for children with autism, ADD, ADHD or learning disabilities.

甲有时被忽略，但在确定的ω-3脂肪适当每日儿童剂量同样重要的因素是ω-6至消耗ω-3脂肪酸的比率。ω-6脂肪的实例包括动物脂肪，红花油和大豆油。儿童的大脑需要约2的比率的ω-6与ω-3脂肪酸1：1或3。一般的美国人饮食比大于10：1。当ω-6S和ω-3脂肪酸的平衡了，身体攻击自己和孩子的炎症性疾病，如哮喘，湿疹和炎症性肠道疾病。因此，减少ω-6消耗，同时增加ω-3的消费可能需要获得必要的脂肪在儿童的饮食适当的平衡。

婴儿在9个月大的时候,母乳provides an average omega-6 to omega-3 ratio of 2:1. For older infants and children, fatty fish like wild caught salmon, tuna or halibut provide both EPA and DHA omega-3 fats. Like breast milk, wild fish has a 2:1 omega-6 to omega-3 ratio. Flaxseed oil, nuts and nut oil contain omega-3 fat in the form of ALA. Because a child may not be able to efficiently convert ALA to DHA and EPA, seafood sources of omega-3 are preferable. Kid-friendly fish recipes can be found in "The NDD Book."

对于孩子谁不吃鱼，ω-3补充剂的油，软胶囊和软咀嚼物可用。这些补充经常味隐藏腥臭味的孩子可能会觉得难吃。当寻找的补充，注意单词“安全源”，以保证油是第三方测试，认证，纯度和自由的环境污染物。同时认为，不含有人工色素和甜味剂补充剂。