Recognizing that you're anemic can be challenging. Symptoms are often subtle or vary with the underlying cause. At the same time, your body is capable of adjusting amazingly well to slowly developing anemia to further mask its signs. Anemia means that the number of red cells in your blood has dropped below normal, or the amount of hemoglobin in each red cell has become too low. Your bone marrow produces millions of red blood cells every day, constantly replacing older ones in the bloodstream that are removed for wear and tear or because of normal slow losses such as menstruation. Every normal red blood cell contains abundant hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying protein that requires a regular supply of iron in your diet for normal synthesis. There are many causes of anemia, some of which are overlapping, including iron deficiency, bleeding, vitamin B deficiency, malabsorption, bone marrow failure, medications, viruses, immune disorders, chronic diseases and inherited disorders such as thalassemia and sickle cell anemia. Whatever the underlying cause, anemia results in less oxygen being delivered from your lungs to your muscles, heart and other organs. This decreased oxygen supply leads to the signs and symptoms of anemia.
步骤1
认识到发展缓慢或轻度贫血可以对自己几乎是不可能的。贫血的很多情况是在某些其他原因进行化验只是偶然发现。由于贫血恶化，你可能会开始疲劳的症状通知，精神不振，气短，头痛，头晕，问题集中或手脚冰冷的困难。这些症状可能会在第一次演练期间只发生，但作为您的血球计数继续下降可在休息甚至出现。贫血是影响人们的青睐和团体一种常见的疾病，但你成为贫血的风险更大，如果你是在铁或其他维生素有限的饮食低，有像沉重的时期失血的原因，怀孕或有慢性疾病，如糖尿病，肾脏疾病或癌症。
第2步
如果您怀疑自己可能是贫血的，请联系您的健康保健提供者。因为贫血的症状往往较轻的和非特异性的，并且每个人都感到疲倦或斗争与从时间浓缩至时间，证实贫血的存在需要医疗评估。详细的病史将有助于发现可能的风险因素的贫血，如贫血，服用某些药物，慢性感染，肠道疾病或饮食问题的家族史。体检可以确认你的一些症状和显示其他体征，如皮肤苍白，快速不规则的心脏跳动或引起心脏更加努力工作，以提供氧气到你的组织的一个新的心脏杂音。
第3步
确认贫血开始的两个常见的实验室检查诊断。全血细胞计数，或CBC，涉及对血液相同样品的多次测量，其中的红血细胞存在的数量，以它们的尺寸，形状和沿血红蛋白的各自包含的量。基于这些结果，实验室技术人员可能会再检查的一滴血的薄涂片在显微镜下寻找其他细胞的变化，可能在进一步的诊断帮助。划分成贫血基于红细胞的大小和血红蛋白含量几大类让您的医疗保健提供商能够更迅速缩小的可能原因列表你贫血。
第四步
现在应该执行额外的集中测试，since the discovery of anemia simply indicates an underlying problem with red blood cell production, bleeding or some other cause of red cell loss. Iron and ferritin blood levels, vitamin levels such as B-12 and folic acid and rate of red blood cell production are all commonly ordered tests based on the findings from your history, physical examination and initial laboratory tests. A more extensive look for underlying chronic diseases or undiscovered bleeding will be necessary if a simple explanation such as diet or pregnancy can't be found.
警告
虽然贫血是常见的并且通常很容易恢复条件，它也可以是一个更严重的疾病的第一个迹象，例如免疫病症或癌症。为贫血症的诊断治疗和长期前景取决于根本原因。它可以简单的在你的饮食进行修改或服用维生素补充剂的短时间内。其他原因可能需要长期药物治疗或更积极的治疗尝试任何疾病导致贫血的控制或消灭。成功驭的贫血需要意识到它可能出现的症状，下面诊断的必要步骤，并寻求帮助及时。