When an intense itchiness strikes your scalp, it can be hard to concentrate on anything else.
尽管大多数刮擦头皮的病例都是完全暂时的或可以治疗的，但有些是健康状况更严重的迹象。
当天的视频
Here,Y. Claire Chang, MD联合广场激光皮肤病学的董事会认证的皮肤科医生讨论了您的头顶可能被坚持不懈的瘙痒固定为人质的十大理由，以及在刺激头皮时可以做些什么来舒缓头皮。
提示
Chang博士说，如果非处方治疗无法缓解发痒的头皮，或者您会产生疼痛，炎症，发烧或发冷，请立即寻求医疗服务以确定和治疗潜在的原因。
1.你有头皮屑
如果您的发痒的头皮伴随着雪白色的斑点剥落到肩膀上，那么您可能很可能dealing with dandruff.
Chang博士说：“头皮屑在医学上也被称为脂肪性皮炎，是一种常见的疾病，最多会影响成年人群的一半，涉及发痒，片状和鳞状的头皮。”
Chang解释说，头皮屑落在影响身体疾病的一系列炎症性皮肤疾病上，这些疾病会影响身体的脂肪疾病（包括头皮，中央面和上胸部）。她说，尽管它的原因尚不完全清楚，但与酵母在皮肤上生活有联系。
Chand补充说，这种情况在冬季或压力下也会恶化。
Fix it:Chang博士说：“对于温和的头皮屑，大多数人会通过非处方产品和洗发水来改善。”
A variety of active ingredients can decrease dandruff. Here are some of the things to look for in adandruff shampoo，Per Chang博士：
- Selenium sulfide：“硫化硒可通过减少多余的头皮真菌并降低皮肤表面上死皮细胞的脱落速度来缓解头皮的瘙痒和剥落。”
- 为了保持对头皮屑的控制，用硫化硒洗发水起泡（例如塞尔森蓝色抗议洗发水或者Head & Shoulders Clinical Strength Dandruff Defense Shampoo) two to three times per week and let it sit on your scalp for up to three minutes.
- Salicylic acid：含有水杨酸的洗发水（例如中源性t/sal洗发水) can help eliminate excess scale, Dr. Chang says.
- 酮康唑: Anti-fungal shampoos that contain ketoconazole (likeNizoral Anti Dandruff洗发水Chang博士说，）有效地在头皮上杀死引起头皮屑的真菌。
- Pyrithione锌：带吡啶二锌的洗发水（喜欢头和肩膀经典清洁）帮助杀死酵母并减少尺度。
- 焦油：带有煤焦油的产品（喜欢中性糖T/凝胶治疗洗发水和MG217药煤焦油洗发水）帮助皮肤的外层脱落并最大程度地减少剥落。
Chang博士说：“如果瘙痒很严重，您可以看到董事会认证的皮肤科医生进行处方类固醇洗发水。”她补充说：“但是，应谨慎使用类固醇配方，因为长期使用会使皮肤变薄。”
2. It's an Allergic Reaction
发痒的头皮可以表明对像发型的产品的过敏反应。
"Allergic contact dermatitis can affect any part of the skin, including the scalp," Dr. Chang says.
Any number of hair products, including shampoos, conditioners, hair oils or hair dyes, that contact the scalp can result in redness, itching or burning, she says.
Fix it:Chang博士说：“要治疗过敏反应，最重要的一步是停止使用罪魁祸首。”“反复接触将导致反复反应。”
The problem is, “many times patients do not know exactly what product or ingredient they are reacting to,” Dr. Chang adds. “In this case, patients can consult their local allergist or dermatologist for specific allergen testing (also called patch testing)."
Chang博士说，同时，您的医生还可以通过处方局部类固醇来治疗活跃的皮疹，这可以缓解瘙痒和炎症。
3.你有蜂箱
如果您的头皮覆盖着红色，发痒的毛皮，您可能会有蜂箱。
"Hives, also known as urticaria, are pale red and white swollen bumps that appear suddenly on the skin and can be caused by allergic reactions to a wide variety of triggers, including foods, medications, stings, pressure, heat and even stress," Dr. Chang says.
Fix it:“Hives themselves do not necessarily need treatment because they usually self-resolve [typically lasting no more than 24 hours],” Dr. Chang says. In the interim, you can use anti-itch creams and oral antihistamines to soothe your symptoms, she says.
但是，为了避免将来的耀斑，首先知道什么触发了蜂箱是关键，张博士说。再一次，去看医生，可以为您测试各种过敏原可能是一个明智的主意。
Warning
If your hives are accompanied by problems swallowing, swelling of the eyes, throat or mouth, a racing heart or lightheadedness, seek immediate medical attention as this may be a sign of a serious, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction, Dr. Chang says.
4. You Have Lice
Creepy crawlies like lice (also known as Pediculus humanus capitis) could be the culprit behind your itchy scalp.
Usually spread by direct contact with another infected person, head lice are insects that feed on human blood and live on the human scalp, Dr. Chang says. And while these nasty little bugs are more common in children (you might remember getting checked for lice in elementary school), they don't discriminate against adults.
您猜想的是头虱最常见的症状是在头皮上瘙痒（以及颈部和耳朵）。
张博士说：“瘙痒实际上是对昆虫叮咬的过敏反应。”她补充说：“患者还可以因刮擦引起的头部疮。”
Fix it: “Head lice is usually diagnosed clinically by your health care provider, who will use a fine-toothed nit comb through the hair to identify a live nymph or adult louse,” Dr. Chang says.
她说：“治疗涉及将虱子医学（如苄氯菊酯或伊维菌素）应用于家庭中所有受影响的人。”
You might also need an additional treatment seven to 10 days later to kill any newly hatched lice.
5.是a a夫
Unfortunately, lice aren't the only perturbing pests that can sabotage your scalp health. Other teeny, insect-like parasites can produce a skin condition called scabies, which might be the source of your itchy scalp.
Chang博士说，通常是通过直接皮肤接触的直接皮肤接触传播的，“ sc是人螨（sarcoptes scabiei var hominis）的感染，钻入皮肤上层并产卵。”
In addition to intense itching and a red, bumpy rash, you might also notice tiny, raised linear burrows in the skin, Dr. Chang says.
她解释说，尽管在婴儿和幼儿的头皮上可能发生疮，但在成年人中，它在腕部，肘部，手指网，腋窝和私人区域（免疫功能低下且严重的病例除外）更为常见。
Fix it:Chang博士说：“疮是通过皮疹的外观和皮肤刮擦诊断出的，显示螨虫，螨虫或螨虫物质。”
In most cases, the infection is treated with scabicides that kill the scabies mites.
Chang博士说：“通常，为患者以及所有家庭接触处开了氯菊酯霜。”霜涂在整个身体上，并保持八到14个小时。
Chang博士补充说：“口服伊维菌素有时用于免疫功能低下的患者或称为结s疮的变体的患者。”
6.你有癣
癣可能是您可笑的发痒头皮的根源。
Most common in toddlers and children, "ringworm of the scalp, also called tinea capitis, is a rash caused by a fungal infection that can create itchy, scaly or red patches on the head," Dr. Chang says.
In addition to an irritated, itchy scalp, ringworm can also wreak havoc on your hair.
Chang博士说：“受影响地区的头发通常易碎而脆弱，留下了黑色的小点（头发折断的地方）。”
Fix it:“Prescription oral anti-fungal medications are the treatment of choice for tinea capitis,” Dr. Chang says.
7.你有牛皮癣
您的头皮是由皮肤制成的，这意味着它容易受到牛皮癣等问题的影响。
Chang博士说：“头皮牛皮癣是一种常见的炎症皮肤病，会导致头皮上定义明确，红色，厚实的鳞片斑块”，可以与瘙痒或燃烧有关。
- 虽然这种炎症性皮肤病的症状与头皮屑具有类似的症状，但牛皮癣中看到的鳞片类型使它与众不同：“与头皮屑的光片相反，牛皮癣往往与更厚的银白色尺度有关，” Chang博士说。
牛皮癣也会影响身体的其他部位，可能与关节炎她补充说（被称为银屑病关节炎）。这种情况也可以与指甲的变化有关，称为nail pitting.
Fix it：非处方治疗选择包括洗发水Chang博士说，其中含有水杨酸或煤焦油，但根据头皮牛皮癣的严重程度，您可能需要处方强度的类固醇洗发水来检查皮肤状况。
8.是湿疹
Chang博士说，就像牛皮癣一样，湿疹，也称为特应性皮炎，也会影响头皮。湿疹is a chronic skin condition that causes itching, redness and scaling.
In addition to your scalp, these irritating symptoms may also present themselves on the hands, feet, ankles, wrists, neck, upper chest, eyelids and inside the bend of the elbows and knees, according to the梅奥诊所.
Fix it：频繁润湿和干燥的循环会使湿疹恶化，因此“频繁的保湿是最好的预防，” Chang博士说。沐浴后的保湿，几分钟之内可以帮助捕获皮肤中的水分。
And try to avoid triggers that may加剧您的湿疹，包括蛋黄酱诊所，包括汗水，压力，某些肥皂和洗涤剂（尤其是那些具有香料的肥皂和洗涤剂），灰尘和花粉。
Your doctor may also prescribe a topical steroid to help relieve itching, Dr. Chang says.
9.你有神经问题
如果您的头皮发痒，没有任何其他皮肤症状，例如皮疹，则可能是神经问题的信号。
While you probably associate nerve conditions with pain, neuropathies can also cause itching (and burning sensations) along the distribution of nerve branches, Dr. Chang says.
And because the skin of your scalp contains many nerves, it can result in a whole lot of itching.
好的，但是为什么会发生这种情况？Chang博士说，神经病可能是由于“神经本身中的异常或影响神经的带状疱疹，也可能引起的。”
Fix it:咨询您的医生，他们可以评估您是否与神经有关的问题进行评估并正确治疗根本原因（希望能遏制瘙痒）。
10.可能是皮肤癌
Chang博士说，尽管不太常见，但皮肤癌也会引起头皮瘙痒。
In addition to itchiness, skin cancer can present in a plethora of ways, including the following, per theAmerican Academy of Dermatology（AAD）：
- 变化的痣或痣看起来与其他人不同
- 圆顶形的生长
- 一个鳞片
- 治愈和返回的非治疗或酸痛
- A spot of skin that bleeds
Fix it:如果您怀疑自己的头皮与皮肤癌有关，请参阅董事会认证的皮肤科医生，他可以检查受影响的区域，诊断和治疗您。
Is this an emergency?If you are experiencing serious medical symptoms, please see the国家医学图书馆名单您需要紧急医疗护理或致电911。