激素失衡会导致各种健康状况,包括某些癌症的风险增加。雌激素和孕酮是两性都存在的性激素,尽管在绝经期(通常在35岁到50岁之间),女性的激素水平波动更为剧烈。雌激素失衡,通常被称为雌激素优势,与各种症状和疾病有关。一些食物,如鹰嘴豆和许多其他豆类,含有一种叫做植物雌激素的化合物,它能模拟雌激素的活性。咨询你的医生关于雌激素失衡和哪些食物应该减少或避免。
雌激素主导地位
当雌激素与黄体酮的比例失衡时,就会出现雌激素优势。据《人类生物化学》杂志报道,通常情况下,随着女性步入中年,黄体酮会迅速减少,导致循环中的雌激素相对过剩。Estrogen dominance often occurs during menopause, but excessive stress, impaired immune function, liver disease and exposure to too many estrogenic compounds from dietary or environmental sources can cause an imbalance of estrogen levels in both females and males of virtually any age. Common symptoms of estrogen dominance include significantly reduced libido, breast enlargement and tenderness, headache, fatigue, depression, weight gain, mood swings and insomnia. In severe cases, too much estrogen in women promotes premenstrual syndrome and increases the risk of infertility, endometriosis, fibroids, ovarian cysts and breast cancer.
鹰嘴豆和雌激素
鹰嘴豆不含雌激素,但它们是植物雌激素的丰富来源,植物雌激素是一种模拟雌激素作用或性质的植物化合物。有一些证据表明植物雌激素有助于平衡哺乳动物的雌激素水平,但也有人担心摄入过多会导致雌激素失衡,根据《植物疗法的原理和实践:现代草药医学》。Consequently, people experiencing estrogen dominance or those on hormone replacement therapy are often told to reduce their consumption of foods that are rich in phytoestrogens. However, phytoestrogens may offer some health benefits because they display antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
植物雌激素的其他来源
鹰嘴豆,又称鹰嘴豆,被归类为豆科植物,这是一种以其植物雌激素含量而闻名的食物。其他富含植物雌激素的豆类包括红豆、黑豆、青豆、豌豆和大豆。其他含有植物雌激素的食物包括全麦面包和糕点、橄榄和橄榄油、苹果、石榴、樱桃、胡萝卜、茄子、土豆和苜蓿。相比之下,据《公共健康营养:从原则到实践》报道,一些食品被认为是抗雌激素的,包括十字花科蔬菜,如西兰花、芽甘蓝、花椰菜、大多数柑橘类水果、浆果、一些生坚果和种子以及新鲜乳制品
鹰嘴豆的其他作用
鹰嘴豆和许多其他豆类也含有可溶性纤维。可溶性纤维的摄入与降低血液胆固醇水平和增加饱腹感有关。Furthermore, regular consumption of insoluble fiber appears to balance or regulate insulin secretion and blood sugar levels.